The dissertation research clarifies the civil legal nature of the circulation of information, the mechanism and elements of civil circulation of information, resolves theoretical and practical issues of legal regulation of civil circulation of information, identifies shortcomings in regulatory and legal regulation and makes substantiated proposals aimed at improving current legislation. The concept of circulation of information is formulated as its property of being an object of civil relations, which determines the ability of its participants to freely alienate or transfer information in any lawful manner to other participants in civil relations, as well as the admissibility of the transfer of rights to the relevant information on the grounds provided for by law, including legal succession. The ability to transform the legal regime of certain types of information under the influence of its acquisition or loss of special features has been established, as a result of which other intangible informational goods arise (commercial secrets, information about health and personal life, digital things, etc.). It has been proven that the prohibition of the transfer of information with limited access (secret and confidential information) does not affect the possibility of transferring such information from one participant in civil legal relations to another in the order of legal succession. The civil-legal understanding of the elements of the content of the right to information, which is formed by the following basic competences, has been improved: possession (the ability to accumulate information on a material medium and store it), use (lawful actions of the subject aimed at the direct perception of specific information, recording information with technical devices, preparation and introduction of information into civil circulation) and disposal (the ability to enter into various civil relations regarding information or destroy it) has been defined. The concept of information as an object of civil rights has been defined, under which the following basic competence are proposed: understand intangible good in the form of meaningful information, presented in any form accessible to human perception or fixation by a technical device, which does not have the legal regime of other intangible goods. The understanding of the content of the system of civil circulation of subjective property rights regarding information, which is formed by: subjects of civil circulation of information; subjective property rights and obligations regarding information; legal facts that determine the emergence, change and termination of civil relations regarding information, has been improved. The view has been expressed on the effectiveness of the registration type of securing the protection of copyright objects, which provides for the possibility of any person to create an object similar in content and the need to create a mechanism for securing the absolute right for the creator of new objects, because the establishment of an absolute right by the registration type of securing for any information will lead to the formation of monopolies on information and a violation of the balance of private and public interests. The provision that for civil circulation of information it must meet the following general conditions: natural circulation of information (properties of information as a non-property good that has a monetary value), the possibility of the emergence of an absolute right to information (recognition by the state of the right to inviolability and legal protection of the right to information), the possibility of transferring the subjective property right to information (absence of a legislative prohibition on alienating the right to information). The position is substantiated that open and publicly available information, taking into account the possibility of its monetary valuation as the main feature of property rights, changes its legal regime to a circulation one and acquires the features of an object of civil relations.
Keywords: information, the ability to circulation of information, right to information, the subjective right to information, the right to information, legal regime of information, types of information.
