The dissertation research is devoted to a comprehensive solution of an urgent scientific task, which consists in the theoretical generalization and definition of the essence, structure, and features of the administrative and legal framework for the exercise of control and supervisory powers by the National Police of Ukraine. The work develops a complex of well-founded proposals and recommendations aimed at the systemic improvement of administrative and specialized legislation, as well as overcoming existing law enforcement challenges in this area, which collectively allows to significantly increase the efficiency of control and supervisory activities of police bodies and units, minimize corruption risks, and ensure the proper level of protection of the rights, freedoms, and legitimate interests of citizens.
Within the framework of the scientific search, the author’s definition of the concept of "control and supervisory powers of the National Police of Ukraine" is formulated as the main component of its competence. They are reasonably understood as a normatively defined measure of authoritative influence of the bodies and units of the National Police of Ukraine on the relevant social relations, which is implemented within the established subject matter of jurisdiction through the use of control and supervisory means in order to ensure legality, public safety and order, prevention, detection, suppression of offenses, and elimination of conditions conducive to them. It is proved that the theoretical and legal approaches to determining the essence of police activity are based on the comprehensive isolation and systematization of the specific features (peculiarities) of these powers as a fundamental component of its competence. The key features of the structural powers are conceptualized: they have a clearly expressed public-authoritative character and are implemented exclusively on the basis and in the manner determined by legislation; their implementation is regulated mainly by the norms of administrative law, which determines the special importance of procedural guarantees of legality, validity, and proportionality of interference with the rights and legitimate interests of persons; they are functionally directed towards ensuring legality, public safety and order, as well as counteracting and preventing relevant offenses; they are exercised only within the limits of the defined subject matter of jurisdiction, which outlines the sphere of social relations covered by the relevant authoritative influence of the law enforcement agency; and they organically combine in their content control and supervisory means, which, having a common goal, differ in their forms, methods, and final legal consequences of implementation.
It is investigated that the legal framework for the implementation of control and supervisory powers of the National Police of Ukraine constitutes a coherent, internally coordinated, and multilevel system of normative and legal regulation aimed at a clear definition of the content, boundaries, procedure, and organizational conditions for carrying out this activity both as a whole and in its specific areas. It is proved that their fundamental importance lies in ensuring legal certainty of the competence of the bodies and units of the National Police of Ukraine, preventing the arbitrary use of authoritative tools, creating reliable guarantees of respect for human rights and freedoms, and contributing to the effective fulfillment of tasks to ensure legality, public safety, and law and order.
A comprehensive theoretical and organizational substantiation of the system of subjects of the studied activity is carried out. Within this framework, the bodies and units of the National Police of Ukraine endowed with control and supervisory powers are substantiated as a normatively defined set of structural elements of the police system, which, according to their competence and place in the hierarchical structure, are authorized to implement a complex of control and supervisory measures in defined areas of social relations to ensure legality, public safety and order, compliance with legal regimes, prevention of offenses, as well as ensuring proper discipline and efficiency of the internal functioning of the law enforcement agency.
