ABSTRACT
Shkorubska V. Military museums of the Armed Forces of Ukraine as centers of national and patriotic education of youth (1991-2021). – Qualifying scientific work on manuscript rights.
Dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in specialty 032. History and archaeology. - National Academy of Land Forces named after Hetman Petro Sahaidachny, Lviv, 2024.
The dissertation highlights the results of a comprehensive analysis of the activities of the military museums of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the national-patriotic education of young people in the period from the declaration of the state's independence to the beginning of full-scale Russian aggression (1991–2021).
Based on the understanding of the historical genesis of the national-patriotic education of youth in the Ukrainian context, the educational mission of military museology in modern Ukraine is clarified. In the introductory part of the dissertation, arguments are given regarding the relevance and scientific novelty of the researched problem. Such components as practical and theoretical significance, goal, task, object and subject of research are defined. The historiography was analyzed, the source base of the research was characterized, the methodological principles and the corresponding scientific tools of the work were determined.
It is asserted that the topic of scientific research is relevant in the conditions of the modern Russian-Ukrainian war. The analysis of historical literature clearly testified to the absence of works on the national-patriotic education of youth by means of military-historical museums. The picture regarding the development of museum institutions of higher military educational institutions is incomplete, and there is a complete lack of research on the history of the establishment and development of garrison museums, museum-rooms in the military units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.
The second chapter of the work describes the historical process of formation and development of military museums in Europe and Ukraine. The statement about the history of the emergence of military-historical museums at the turn of the 18th-19th centuries in Europe, which was mainly connected with the total militarization of societies, has been confirmed.
It has been established that Ukraine actively participated in the pan-European process of building military museums as educational and cultural institutions. It is substantiated that in Soviet Ukraine, all museums, like other cultural and educational institutions, were under strong communist ideological pressure. Monuments of history related to the national-patriotic movement were destroyed, there was excessive heroization of participation in the Second World War, the losses of soldiers and officers, miscalculations of the higher command, etc. were hushed up.
It has been confirmed that the National Military and Historical Museum of Ukraine in the capital, which was founded in 1995, is the main center for the collection, organization and promotion of national military-historical traditions among the museums of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. It is noted that with the help of unique monuments of spiritual, intellectual, and material culture military museums actively carry out national and patriotic education of young people. The existing normative and legal framework regarding the organization of activities of military-historical museums (rooms of combat traditions) in the Armed Forces of Ukraine is characterized. It was concluded that it is quite thorough and allows effective work of military-historical museums on national-patriotic education of young people. However, some of its provisions need to be improved and modernized taking into account
A comparative analysis of the network of military museums by administrative-territorial division of Ukraine established that the leader in the number of museums of this profile is the Lviv region, which has 12 military-historical museums. Such regions as Kherson and Zakarpattia do not have a single military-historical museum at all.
Attention was drawn to the fact that there are no specialized military museums in Ukraine from many periods of the country's military history. In addition, there are very few memorial military museums and museumized monuments of military history.
Keywords: museum, military museum, military-historical museum, history of Ukraine, Russian-Ukrainian war, hybrid war, national-patriotic education, military-patriotic education, national identity, ideology, propaganda, narrative, Armed Forces of Ukraine, exposition, stationary and traveling exhibitions, foundation work, cultural and educational work, institutions of higher education, museums of military units, military heritage, museology.