The dissertation is a pioneering research into the development of intralinguistic noun homonymy with a borrowed component in the Ukrainian language. For the first time in linguo-Ukrainian studies, the author attempts to create a corpus of noun homonyms with a borrowed component, to apply a set of criteria for differentiating between homonymy and polysemy, considering the borrowed components that, having adapted to the Ukrainian linguistic environment, have replenished the vocabulary of the Ukrainian language, to ascertain the degree of codification of the generated homocomplexes on a synchronic level and to parameterize them in order to trace the trends in the development of the Ukrainian vocabulary, outline the prospects for its expansion, verify the validity of the law of linguistic economy through homonymization of certain meanings, etc.
The author first of all elaborates a meta-language of the study; specifies the scope of the concept of borrowing and determines the place of related concepts in this system.
The article outlines the theoretical grounds of homonymy as a linguistic phenomenon based simultaneously on symmetry of form and asymmetry of content; presents the stages of the homonymy study development and analyzes the specific approaches to this development – from the times of ancient Greek philosophers to the present day, from the rejection of homonymy, its qualification as something negative to its recognition as a positive phenomenon contributing to the language conciseness by saving units of expression, enriching its expressive means, etc.
The article characterizes the principal ways of homonymy formation in linguo-Ukrainian studies, wherein the following are traditionally distinguished: the development of the meanings of a polysemous word and further divergence of these meanings; the sound coincidence of words due to various phonetic changes that a word undergoes; the sound coincidence of words formed from different stems; the formation of similar sounding words through various word-forming means; the assimilation of words from other languages. Particular attention is paid to the assimilation of words from other languages as a way of homonymy formation. This way of homonymy formation is intensified due to increasing globalization as a process of worldwide political, economic and cultural integration and unification in the modern world. The interaction of languages resulting from cultural integration – a globalization trend – is a significant impetus for various language changes, language development, including the spread and expansion of language contacts.
The author foregrounds the issue of distinguishing between homonymy and polysemy, since the selection of factual material from various lexicographic sources resulted in revealing different approaches to this issue among the compilers of lexicographic sources. It is also emphasized that with the expansion of scientific paradigms – from structuralist to cognitive with the dominant principle of anthropocentrism, taking into account the dynamism and mobility of all language processes, it is advisable to distinguish a set of criteria.
The article reviews different types of homonym systematization in Slavic linguistics in general and Ukrainian linguistics in particular. Given these generalizations and the format of language interaction based on their kinship and the number of donor languages, a system of parameters for analyzing homocomplexes appropriate to the material under study has been developed, and a mechanism for sequencing the description of the actual material has been substantiated.
The results of parametrization of noun homonymy with a borrowed component in the Ukrainian language made it possible to draw a conclusion about the degree of dynamism of the Ukrainian lexicon, taking into account, among other things, the share of borrowings from other languages, to trace trends, on the one hand, in the frequency and regularity of borrowing from a particular language, and on the other hand, the emergence of homonymy as a result of borrowing, to rank language systems represented by the corresponding models (within one language and two or more, as well as taking into account the format of language kinship – closely related, distantly related and unrelated), whose components most often enter into homonymous relations.
Keywords: vocabulary, lexicon, semantic space (scope), semantics (meaning), communication, tendency, borrowing, homonymy, polysemy, synonyms, homocomplex, noun, lexeme, language, source, extra-linguistic (extralinguistic) factors, translatory dictionaries, lexico-semantic.
