The dissertation presents data on the effect of T-2 toxin on the body of broiler chickens in experimental toxicosis reproduced by adding T-2 toxin to the feed in the amount of 200 μg/kg of feed, which is 2 times higher than the maximum permissible level, as well as the results of studies on the effectiveness of the phytocomplex Atoxvet and the sorbent BioBon when used independently and in combination for experimental T-2 toxicosis of broiler chickens. It has been shown that under the action of T-2 toxin on the body of chickens, the amount of blood cells increases by 17.32 %, 5.58 and 1.45 %, respectively, on days 28, 35 and 42 of life with a simultaneous increase in the number of red blood cells by 17.11 %, 5.22 and 1.47 %. A decrease in the blood hemoglobin content was found, accompanied by a decrease in erythrocyte volume and average hemoglobin content in erythrocyte by 20.55 %, 5.24 and 0.84 %, respectively. The number of leukocytes was 29.78 and 20.68 % higher on days 35 and 42, and the leukogram showed an increase in the content of heterophiles by 0.60–13.20 %. In the blood plasma of chickens under the action of T-2 toxin, the concentration of total protein increased by 9.28 %, 6.35 and 14.21 %, respectively, on days 28, 35 and 42 with a simultaneous increase in the levels of albumin and globulins. The concentrations of uric acid, lactate, cholesterol and creatinine, as well as mineral metabolism parameters, did not change significantly. The activity of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and alkaline phosphatase did not undergo pronounced changes, while the activity of alanine and aspartic transaminases on day 35 of bird life decreased sharply by 60.71 and 18.36 %, on day 42 the level of ALT increased by 22.44 % against the background of a tendency to a low level of ALT activity.
When determining the effectiveness of the studied drugs in T-2 toxicosis of broiler chickens, no significant differences in the hematocrit values in the blood of chickens of the experimental groups were found compared to the control group. In the period from 15 to 28 and 35 days in the blood of chickens of all groups, the blood hemoglobin content increased, followed by a decrease on day 42. On days 28 and 35, in the blood of birds treated with the studied drugs for T-2 toxicosis, higher values of the total cell count by 2.60–5.58 % and erythrocytes by 2.01–5.22 % were mainly noted compared to the control, but lower than the values of the T-2 toxicosis group. On day 42, the values were lower than those of the control group by 4.35–11.96 and 0.74–12.13 %, but an increase in the average hemoglobin content in the erythrocyte by 0.21–7.10 % was noted.
In all periods of observation, leukocytosis was found in the blood of broiler chickens of the experimental groups due to an increase in the number of heterophiles. On day 42, the number of leukocytes in the blood of chickens of the second and third experimental groups when using the phytocomplex and sorbent separately was 85.53 and 78.93 % higher compared to the control, and the number of heterophiles was 8.5 and 11.6 % higher. At the same time, with the combined use of the drugs, the number of leukocytes increased by only 14.08 % and heterophils by 0.4 %, with a simultaneous increase in the number of lymphocytes by 1.1 %, while their number decreased in the blood of chickens of other experimental groups. Thus, it can be concluded that the phytocomplex Atoxvet and the sorbent BioBon, when used in T-2 toxicosis, activate detoxification processes in the body of broiler chickens and eliminate the negative effect on the cellular immunity, which is most pronounced when used together.
Confirmation of the effectiveness of the sorbent BioBon when used at a dose of 2 kg/ton of feed and the phytocomplex Atoxvet when added to drinking water in the amount of 60 g/ton of water at T-2 toxicosis of broiler chickens is their effect on the intensity of poultry growth and feed intake. At the end of the experiment, before slaughter, the average body weight of broiler chickens treated with the phytocomplex was 42 g higher than that of the control group, 36 g higher when using the sorbent, and 29 g higher when using them together, while the body weight of chickens fed feed with the toxin was 195 g lower. The feed conversion rate in the control group was 1.693, in the second experimental group – 1.691, in the third – 1.690, and in the fourth – 1.697, against 1.719 in the first experimental group for T-2 toxicosis.
