This thesis investigates the geological factors of mine water redistribution in the Krasnoarmіsk coal mining district of Donbas. The relevance is due to the concentration of coal mining enterprises in the Pokrovsk district of Donetsk region, which causes anthropogenic impact on the geological environment, including the lithosphere at the depth of workings, and causes a violation of ecological balance, manifested in a combination of such phenomena as depletion and pollution of groundwater and surface water, deformation of the earth's surface, and pollution of the hydrosphere with water-dust-gas substances from surface complexes of mines and waste heaps. Given the insufficient amount of domestic water in Donbas, determining the redistribution of mine water in the lithosphere and its impact on groundwater is a relevant study that will allow predicting changes in aquifer indicators in terms of chemical composition and gas saturation at the level of mine workings and their discharge into groundwater by faulting.
Object of study: aquifers of the Krasnoarmisk coal mining district of the Donets basin.
The subject of the study: the peculiarities of the chemical composition of waters within the territory of the SE CC Krasnolymanska at different levels.
Purpose and objectives of the study:
Purpose: to determine changes and features of the chemical composition of the waters of the Krasnoarmisk coal mining district at different hypsometric levels
in the system "groundwater - mining - mine water" and their impact on the environment when released to the surface.
To achieve the goal, the following tasks were set and solved:
- to determine, according to literary data, the tectonic features and distribution of water in the coal-bearing worlds of the coal deposits of the Krasnoarmisk coal mining district;
- to determine the changes in the chemical indicators of mine waters of SE CC Krasnolymanska at different horizons (Horlivka, Almazna and Kamianska);
- to build models of ecological-tectonic-hydrogeological features of the distribution of chemical compounds in mine waters of the m42 and l3 formations of the SE CC Krasnolymanska;
- to develop a forecast of changes in the characteristics of mine water when closing workings with wet preservation;
- to determine the radioactivity of the coal massifs of the Krasnoarmy coal mining district based on the preliminary data of geological explorations and separate mine studies;
- to determine the impact of mine waters on the underground waters of the region and the environment when they are brought to the surface.
The scientific novelty of the results obtained is as follows:
- For the first time, a tectono-hydrodynamic model of the formation of mine waters "groundwater - tectonic disturbances - mine waters" was developed, which allows to predict changes in the indicators of the content of chemical elements in horizontal and vertical sections of a coal-bearing massif, using the example of the SE CC Krasnolymanska.
- For the first time, using the specialized Data Analysis EXCEL package, the correlation matrix of the chemical composition of groundwater of various hypsometric horizons of the SE CC Krasnolymanska was calculated.
- For the first time, the possibilities of saturation and transfer of gases from the mine atmosphere by mine waters were determined and the periods of change in the gas content of water compared to air were established.
- For the first time, with the help of geoinformation systems, models of ecological-hydrogeological features of mine waters of SE CC "Krasnolymanska" were built.
- The first reconnaissance gamma-spectrometric measurements of samples from coal massifs of the Krasnoarmisk coal-mining district confirm the existence of various sources of radioactivity, which is recorded in coal (low), carbon-bearing rocks, and inclusions.
- The influence of the structural and tectonic structure of the coal seam on the peculiarities of changes in mine waters of the SE CC Krasnolymanskaya has been established.
Practical significance of the results obtained. The research results will be used to predict changes in the chemical parameters of mine waters in the production of coal mining enterprises and to identify areas with the most aggressive waters. The proposed studies allow us to determine the impact of mine water on the groundwater of the region and the environment when it is brought to the surface. The obtained results and proposed models should be used in predicting hydrogeological changes in the coal massif of closed mines.
