Reva I. Investigation of violations of the requirements of fire or technogenic safety established by law

The dissertation substantiates a number of provisions, proposals, and recommendations on the issues of methodology for investigating violations of fire or technogenic safety requirements established by law, which are of significance for forensic science, investigative practice, and judicial practice. The state of scientific development of the fundamentals of methodology for investigating violations of statutory fire or technogenic safety requirements has been highlighted. To form a comprehensive scientific vision of the problem, a body of dissertations, monographs, and articles devoted to examining the causes of committing this category of criminal offenses has been analyzed. The current level of methodological support for the investigation of fires and technogenic accidents has been assessed, and a conclusion has been drawn regarding the urgent need for its improvement. A classification of methods of committing violations of fire and technogenic safety regulations is proposed, the offender’s profile is characterized, and a typology thereof is developed. A list of violations of fire or technogenic safety requirements is identified in accordance with the type of offender: heads of enterprises as well as specially designated responsible persons, whose actions consist of failure to comply with requirements concerning the storage, use, and transportation of fire-hazardous substances; non-compliance with fire safety rules in production; improper operation of electrical networks, electrical equipment, or electrical appliances. Violations committed by military personnel are also assigned to this group. The increase in such cases is conditioned by the difficult conditions of being in a combat zone (for example, the use of faulty equipment for heating or cooking). At the same time, the regulatory framework clearly obliges military personnel to comply with fire and technogenic safety rules. The second group includes criminal offenses committed by citizens in everyday life, unrelated to their professional activities. These include, in particular: improper use of electrical appliances; violation of rules for handling open fire; non-compliance with requirements when using stove heating. A typical feature of this group is the commission of offenses under the influence of alcohol. Both groups of offenders are characterized by the following traits: inaction manifested in failure to comply with legally established rules; negligence with elements of criminal recklessness.