SUMMARY
In the dissertation work titled "Effects and Mechanisms of Structural Rearrangements in Model and Real Membranes under the Action of MoS₂ and WS₂ Nanoparticles," submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in specialty 104 "Physics and Astronomy," the influence of external factors and nanoparticles of transition metal dichalcogenides (MoS₂, WS₂) on the structural and functional characteristics of biological and model membranes has been investigated.
In the first chapter, an overview of modern literature sources on the biophysics of cellular membranes, their structure, functional features, including lipid rafts and the phase behavior of lipids, is presented. One of the paragraphs is devoted to the analysis of liposomes as model systems for studying membrane processes and drug delivery systems.
In the second chapter, the methodology of experimental studies is described in detail, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman scattering spectroscopy, luminescence spectroscopy, optical and confocal microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (СЕМ), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The principles of operation, advantages, as well as the specifics of application of each method for the analysis of lipid membranes and nanoparticles are highlighted.
In the third chapter, using СЕМ and EDS methods, the morphological structure, chemical composition, as well as electrical and magnetic properties of 2D nanoparticles MoS₂ and WS₂ have been investigated. It is shown that these materials demonstrate a sulfur deficiency and a tendency to surface oxidation. MoS₂ exhibits ferromagnetic properties.
In the fourth chapter, the interaction of model membranes (liposomes) with MoS₂ and WS₂ nanoparticles has been analyzed based on DLS, FTIR, Raman scattering spectroscopy, and quantum-chemical modeling. For the first time, it has been revealed that MoS₂ and WS₂ have the ability to interact with lipids and be located inside liposomes. It is shown that MoS₂ and WS₂ cause changes in the structure of liposomes and affect the spectral markers of membranes. WS₂ nanoparticles in aqueous or buffer environments of biological molecules and cells are predominantly in an oxidized state, while MoS₂ is more resistant to oxidation.
In the fifth chapter, structural rearrangements in Lewis lung carcinoma cells (LLC) under the influence of 2D nanoparticles MoS₂ and WS₂ have been investigated. The analysis of cell morphology has been conducted using electron, optical, and fluorescence microscopy. For the first time, changes in the cytoskeleton and structure under the action of MoS₂ and WS₂ nanoparticles have been revealed.
The obtained results have significant potential for further use in modeling membrane processes, creating novel drug delivery systems, and diagnostic tools.
Key words:: MoS₂ WS₂, nanoparticles, spectral and optical properties , liposomes, membrane mimetics, Raman spectroscopy, luminescence spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy , optical microscopy, electron microscopy
