Shamakhanov V. Models and Methods for Dynamics Analysis and Deployment Control of a Space Radar Based on an Offset Antenna

In modern space research, there is growing interest in the use of small satellites, particularly those equipped with synthetic aperture radars. An effective solution is the use of deployable reflector antennas, which reduce the weight and cost of spacecraft. However, the deployment process for such antennas is complex and non-linear, and is accompanied by significant risks of failure due to modelling inaccuracies or asynchronous operation of the cable system. This creates a need to develop new models and methods that will ensure accurate analysis of dynamics and reliable control of the deployment process. The study sets the task of creating and improving mathematical models of the dynamics of an offset antenna, taking into account scissor and breaking elements, as well as developing laws for controlling deployment in cases of asynchronous cable winding. In addition, an analysis was conducted of the possibility of using centrifugal unfolding of a multi-section rod, which allows for the elimination of servo drives and a reduction in the weight of the system. For the first time, a reinforcement learning methodology was applied to control the deployment process of rod structures, which ensures the adaptability and optimisation of the system in real operating conditions. The work has yielded a number of new scientific results. For the first time, laws for controlling the deployment of an offset antenna with asynchronous cable winding have been proposed. Algorithms for controlling rod structures based on reinforcement learning have been developed. The models of the dynamics of the offset antenna have been improved, allowing the driving forces to be determined as functions of the speed of the cables, and the method of centrifugal unfolding of a multi-section rod has been refined. The practical significance of the results lies in reducing the need for expensive experimental research, increasing the reliability of deployment systems, and reducing the weight of structures by simplifying drive mechanisms.