The dissertation, which is a completed scientific work, which provides a solution to
the current scientific and applied task to improve the environmental management system at
industrial enterprises through the development and improvement of theoretical,
methodological provisions and applied models of environmental risk control, taking into
account the European integration vector of Ukraine.
The work defines the essence of sustainable safety, as one of the components of
sustainable development, which is a long-term protection of economic activity of industrial
enterprises from any influences of external and internal threats, inconsistencies, as well as
hazardous factors that increase the probability of a hazardous event. It is suggested that
sustainable safety be presented in the form of a combination of four components: formation
of clear requirements, ensuring appropriate supervision of their implementation, conducting
corrective actions to eliminate inconsistencies and hazardous factors, and the last one, the
introduction of preventive measures.
It is proposed for the implementation of sustainable safety at industrial enterprises to
use a proactive approach to the construction of the environmental management system,
which is based on responsibility for the results and actions obtained for a decrease in the
negative impact from the various hazards and threats inherent in the production
environment. At the same time, the environmental management system is the process of
management of risk and capabilities in accordance with the requirements of the ISO 14001:
2015, which will respond in a timely manner to changing conditions of the production
environment, threats, and hazards. In addition, to increase the effectiveness of
environmental management systems, it is proposed to use practical tools based on the
requirements of auxiliary standards of the ISO 14000 series, as well as related standards
(including the ISO 31000 series), which allows not only to fulfil the requirements, but to
create a powerful basis for constant improvement.
It is proposed to add to the generally recognized principles of risk management
(integration, structure, adaptability, inclusivity, dynamic, human -centricity, constant
improvement), which are given in ISO 31000: 2018 in two principles peculiar to security:
responsibility and variety. This will allow you to increase the reliability of the risk
management process due to the responsible attitude to the collection of various data on the
production environment, including by determining all the possible effects of hazardous
factors. In addition, a new model for assessing environmental risks is proposed, which is
built on the relationship between environmental hazards (negative environmental aspect),
the main environmental hazardous event and the secondary one, which results from the
impact of environmental effects from various striking factors.
An algorithm for managing environmental risks with eleven steps is developed, which
is different from the known ones by availability of additional stages to determine the impact
of combinations of various hazardous factors not only on the probability of a hazardous
event, but also on increasing the duration and intensity of environmental hazards on the
environment, taking into account statistics, and scripting the development of possible
negative events.
Evaluation scales have been developed to determine the probability of an
environmental hazardous event, as well as the intensity of the effects of harmful substance
on the environment, which depends on the characteristics of the ecosystem and duration of
emission, as well as the toxicity class and exceeding the maximum permissible level of
emissions.
An improved hierarchy of preventive and protective environmental measures, which
is different from the known one described in ISO 14001: 2015, by distribution to areas of
responsibility of the enterprise and state (communal) bodies, which allows determining the
costs of localization and elimination of accidents and environmental damage from pollution
of atmosphere, surface water, soil, land, water, useful or protected flora and fauna, forest or
vegetation, as well as human life and health.
