The dissertation is devoted to improving the theoretical foundations for ensuring optimal stability parameters in the formation and functioning of the grain market and the scientific justification of organisational and methodological approaches to its assessment in the context of new challenges.
The dissertation examines and improves the theoretical approach to clarifying the category of ‘grain market’ as a complex system of economic relations that arise between economic entities in the processes of production, sale and consumption of grain in conditions of martial law. The application of this approach will allow us to consider the formation of the grain market as a dynamic system that is constantly evolving and encompasses interrelated elements: from production, sale, processing and consumption in the context of new challenges, namely the partial loss of territories that are now not involved in the production process. This methodological approach is based on two important market approaches, namely research into the formation of the market from among its participants and from the system of state regulatory instruments, which aims to influence the functioning of the market through instruments that influence supply and demand. This approach is important because it allows for a deeper understanding of the essence and mechanisms of the grain market as a whole system. It helps to identify key elements and the relationships between them, which is the basis for effective market development management, and creates opportunities for more accurate forecasting of its dynamics, improvement of regulatory mechanisms and increased stability in the face of new challenges.
It has been demonstrated that the development of the grain market in Ukraine requires a comprehensive approach that takes into account both internal factors (production levels, infrastructure, state regulation) and external factors (global market trends, international prices, export opportunities). Institutional regulation plays a special role in its stability, in particular state policy, which should ensure a balance between supply and demand in the grain market, promote infrastructure development, support farmers and stimulate exports in the face of new challenges.
The institutional framework for grain market regulation has been improved through an analysis of the current state of public administration, which is based on the state playing the role of the main price regulator, as well as structural proportions in order to avoid imbalances in the grain market in the face of new challenges.
It has been scientifically established that the methodological approach to studying the grain market involves the use of various economic and statistical models to assess its functioning. One of the main areas is forecasting trends in the formation and functioning of the grain market, which allows predicting price fluctuations, production volumes and export opportunities that create conditions for market development, as well as factors related to infrastructure and logistics conditions.
Methodological principles for the implementation of state policy in the agricultural sector have been developed based on an analysis of international experience. It is proposed to use instruments such as producer income support, an agricultural credit system and state support for agricultural exports to increase resilience in the face of new challenges.
The paper identifies ways to counter the current challenges facing the development of the Ukrainian grain market in the context of martial law by identifying problems of a logistical nature and transparency of pricing. In particular, it is established that, in addition to the balance of supply and demand for products, other factors also influence their price, including state price regulation policy and expectations regarding crop yields.
It is noted that among the main problems of the grain market are the insufficient level of infrastructure development, in particular, limited opportunities for transporting and storing grain, which reduces the efficiency of exports in the context of new challenges.
An assessment of the current state of grain production regulation in Ukraine has been carried out, which has revealed the significant potential and important role of the grain industry for the national economy, as well as existing problems in the field of regulation that require a systematic approach and improvement, namely the grain production regulation system in Ukraine, which is complex and includes state subsidies, support programmes for agricultural producers, and regulatory mechanisms.
New challenges of martial law facing the grain market include a decline in the labour market, which provides, among other things, production processes in agriculture; large-scale destruction of grain infrastructure, ports, elevators, and warehouses; suspension of maritime transport with an emphasis on rail transport and domestic grain storage.
