The thesis is devoted to physical simulation fatigue of destruction of details of the chamber of combustion of high-speed diesel engines. The definition of real parameters of reliability of a modern engine is possible for want of realizations of its tests with an operating time 8000 … 9000 motor-hours (3 … 5 years). In this connection the physical simulation of real accumulation of damages acquires the large significance. In a combination to maximum automation of tests and effective methods of their acceleration the physical simulation fatigue of destruction of details of the chamber of combustion is a real basis of reduction of terms and decrease of the costs for want of creation and perfecting of a engine. According to a direction of research on the basis of the deep systems analysis, conducted on the scientific publications, a number of problems sequentially is decided. First, the modern effective method of acceleration of tests and scheme of their holding is selected. The essence of a method cons ists in hard of power setting of engine's. The realization of a method is carried out with the help of the special control unit submission of air, and allows to increase a range of temperature and tension in investigated details. The choice of performances of a cycles non-stationary loading of details of the chamber of combustion in conditions of accelerated tests is based to datas of operation of diesel engines of a type СМД. The main principles of physical simulation are observed. The condition of a uniqueness is ensured naturalies of model at the expense of holding tests on the motor stand with the real developed engine, and condition of a dynamic (force) similarity - at the expense of a maximum approximation of the simulating laws нагружения of details of the chamber of combustion to operational non-stationary of load. By results of an experimental research of a diesel engine СМД-17H in a serial and experienced complete set are obtained of dependence of a thermal condition thermomeasurenents of the most l oaded zones of investigated details of the chamber of combustion from a degree of pressurization and modular power of a engine; the parameters of dynamic of growth (falling) of temperature in characteristic zones of details of the chamber of combustion for period of load-unload of a load both in a graphic kind, and as approximating dependences are established. The analysis of results of experiment has confirmed its complete conformity accepted for physical simulation of operational fatigue of details of the chamber of combustion to a method of holding of accelerated tests and complex of accompanying measures. It has allowed to select for conditions of accelerated tests of details КС her stabilization, duration of a cycle non-stationary loading on transition modes. For acceleration of tests, the maximum automation of test process is necessary on the basis of modern reachings electronic and electronic-computer facilities. On the basis of general principles of construction of the automized systems ensuring progr am management by power setting, automation of accumulation and storage of the information, feedback, analysis and the monitoring during tests, is offered the block diagram of the test bed. For management of the stand the original system of a numerical control immediately from the COMPUTER by start-up and load (balancer by machine) engine providing a galvanic outcome of force aggregates and the circuit of management, powering up and emergency stoping is developed. The direct communication with the computer, foreseen block diagram, allows to realize simultaneous mathematical and physical simulation of process of accumulation of damages in details of the chamber of combustion of a engine. The program management ensuring this communication(connection), allows after each cycle loading of a engine during tests to realize monitoring the thermal and tension-deformed condition of investigated object and degrees of accumulation of damages in a material. For account fatigue and long strenght the modern technique is sele cted. it combines both strain-kinetic, and power criteria for want of registration of accumulation of damages in details of a engine. Using this technique, it is possible to forecast serviceability of investigated object with allowance for of duration of a cycle loading and operating time on different modes. Having the above-stated set of means for holding accelerated tests and technique of account fatigue and long strength of investigated details, it is possible to conduct valuation fatigue and long strenght of details of the chamber of combustion of a high-speed diesel engine of a type СМД by results of the accelerated motor tests. Two approaches to such valuation are considered: or immediately during tests, or numerical method on the basis of a computering-experimental data about a heat-stressed condition of investigated object. Besides the technique of numerical experiment assumes determination of factor of acceleration fatigue of tests and its forecasting for want of possible mode loading of details of a diesel engine. The sequential fulfilment of problems thesis of research has allowed to conduct accelerated fatigue of test of details of the chamber of combustion of a high-speed diesel engine with factor of acceleration 27 on the automized motor stand with program management according to a selected method and method of acceleration of tests. And to make valuation of time before destruction of these details, using mathematical model of account fatigue and long strenght on the basis of modern software and with use of the COMPUTER of the last generation. Forecast factor of acceleration for a diesel engine СМД-17H can is in limits from 24 up to 53. Key words: physical simulation, diesel engine, automation, accelerated tests, details of the chamber of combustion, management, factor of acceleration, thermal stress, fatigue and long strenght.
