Gorodna A. Molecular markers in the ecological-genetic monitoring of agricultural animals.

The object is: the differentiation of sheep and cattle genofunds in the space and time. Purpose of research is the comparative analysis of space-time differentiation of two agricultural animals' species with more wide aereals (cattle and sheep), also the comparison of efficiency use of differen tmolecular-genetic markers' types' (structural genes, anonymous fragments of DNA) in the ecological-genetic monitoring of animals.The methods are following: electrophoretical separation of the albumens, the products of DNA amplification (ISSR-PCR markers); analysis of ISSR-PCR markers' and structural genes' polymorphism (RFLP-PCR); the statictical methods analysis of experimental data .The comparison of efficiency of two types of molecular-genetic markers for assessments of intraspecific diversity (between breeds, interbreed groups), differences between genetic structures of two species (sheep, cattle) for the first time were presented. The obtained data testified that the evaluations of polymorphism structural genes could be convenient for detection of differences between animal groups, which were diverged for a long time ago (different breeds, ancient and new breeds). Polymorphism of multiloci spectra of ISSR-PCR markers convenient for the analysis of rather recent events of intraspecific population-genetic adaptation to different ecology-geographical conditions of animals reproduction. Besides the analysis of polymorphism of structural genes with a known biochemical function of their product allows to evaluate possible genetic-biochemical base of such adaptation.