Shpakivska I. Soil respiration in the ecosystems of boreal series on timberline of Chornogora (Ukrainian Carpathians).

Object - processes of the respiratory metabolism and mineralization of soil organic matter. The aim - complex analysis of soil respiration in the ecosystems of boreal series on timberline. Methods - laboratory experiments and field supervision, variation statistics. Instrumentation - "Carbon- respirometer". On an example of ecosystems of boreal series on timberline are established main regularities of soil respiration and processes of mineralization soil organic matter, and also influencing of anthropogenic replacement of primary forest type of ecosystems on secondary shrubs and grasslands ecosystems on the regimes of transformation and balance of carbon. The estimation of the metabolic status of soils is carried out with using the parameter of efflux СО2. For the complexes of eco-physiological parameters of soil microorganisms are conducted the laboratory simulation of influencing of climatic stress (drying/moistening and freezing/thawing) on soil microbial communities' resilience, the temporary and spatial contingency of specific parameters potential biotic activity with an integral parameter (efflux of СО2) is established. The annual emission of carbon dioxide from the soil surface is estimated, its relation from biotic and abiotic factors are showed. Established, that seasonal dynamics of C-СО2 emission is described by a parabolic curve with maxima, which correspond to maxima of temperature of soils in the summer season. The main hydrothermic factor, that conditioning variability and value of the annual emission СО2, was temperature of 0-20 cm soil depth. Is show that in soils of ecosystems on timberline was absence of substrate inhibition of catabolism organic carbon, the value of emission depends of fraction labile of carbon (hot water-soluble). The low annual value of C-СО2 emission was conditioned by the short period of effective mineralization during the year. The types of regimes transformation of organic carbon in primary and secondary ecosystems were established. Sphere of use - control of natural ecosystems.