Shevchuk O. Ecotoxicological and economic substantiation of systems for chemical protection of cereal crops in Forest-Steppe and Steppe zones of Ukraine

Object - Use of pesticides in different soil-climate zones. Aim: to substantiate from ecological and economic points of view use of modern pesticides in systems for protection ce-real crops in forest-steppe and steppe zones of Ukraine. Methods of investigation: field and laboratory experiments were conducted according standard methods. Novelty: It was established that dipole moment and constant of speed of de-toxication can be used for ecotoxicological screening of pes-ticides in agrocenosys. Computer model for estimation of risk of pesticide application according to АЕТІ was developed. It is proved that ecologically safe pesticide loading for modern preparations is 8-14 kg/ha in forest-steppe and 3,7-10 kg/ha in steppe zone. Ecological hazard of 46 variants of systems for chemical protection of winter wheat and summer barley with help of AETI is given. Variants with AETI<1 were deter-mined. The estimation of economic efficiency of application of pesticides on cereal crops was carried out. The model ofdependence of threshold of profitability from application value and grain price is developed. Theoretical results - ap-plication of pesticides is considered as one from ways of quality management of agroecosystem on the basis of com-parison of pesticidal loading with property of territory to autopurification, that is inclusion of pesticides in biotic circuit of elements. Practical results - results of investigations were used in "Recommendations for integrated winter wheat pro-tection". On the base of researches preparations Lospel, 12,5% w.o.e., Sumi 8 FLO, 2% e.c., Vitaros, w.e.c., Raxil, 6% f.s. were registered in Ukraine. System for an economic and ecological estimation of pesticides on cereal crops passed industrial check in 2002-2003 in forest-steppe zone (Khmel-nitskiy region) on winter wheat and summer barley. Profit-ability on winter wheat was 212%, on summer barley - 75%. Sphere of use - agriculture.