Savich S. Influence of additives of hydrogenerating elements on distribution of forms of existence of hydrogen in hard alloys on the basis of iron

The method of determination of hydrogen in gumboils and metals with the use of nitrogen as bearing gas and with the use of catarometer for detection and registration of amounts of hydrogen, which are selected from standards, is scientifically grounded and developed. The forms of existence of hydrogen in the metals of group of iron are studied. It is shown that hydrogen is in it in three forms: monoatomic cation Н(+ (in a different measure of protoned up, if (<1, but not identical for different structural positions of cation), molecular cation (Н2+) and molecular hydrogen (Н2). By the developed original method of quantitative estimation taking into account the forms of existence of hydrogen in metals is shown on a parameter, that flake sensitivity (propensity to formation of hydrogen cracks) construction alloyed steel depends on the method of melting, composition of gumboil, composition of metal and concentration of hydrogenerating elements. In production terms, influencing of degree of renewing is explored the destoichiometration of gumboils with introduction in them different amounts of aluminium or cerium on flake sensitivity of steel brands which are re- melted. The exposed dependence has the expressed minimum by obvious appearance, position of which is linked as with composition of metal, which is re- melted, so with composition of the used gumboil. By the dimensionless parameter Qн and Q° н (index and resulted cost index of metal which is re-melted) it is shown that the level of hydrogen in metal depends on selected composition of gumboil, steel brand, that is re-melted, and concentration of hydrogenerating elements. On the basis of the developed mechanism of influencing of additives of connections of hydrogenerating elements which are given to the gumboil, it is shown that additional destoichiometration gumboil bath in the process of remelting provides the considerable increase of hydrodefensive properties of gumboil.