Kulyk R. Optimization of the meadow stand use system in the conditions of the northern Ukrainian Forest-Steppe

Subject of inquiry - the process of high - productive sown and natural grass stand as well as the grass feeding quality formation depending on methods, period of use and fertilization of meadow lands. The aim - to reveal the details of species structure and productivity formation of sown and native meadow stands at the different regimes of alienation and to develop the technology of grazing period use prolongation up to 200-210 days for perennial grasses. The methods are field, geobotanical, weighting, analytical, statistical, computational and comparative. In reference to natural and climatic conditions of the northern Forest-Steppe, depending on the method of use and fertilization, the details of species structure and productivity of sown and natural grass stands, entering green fodder and the possibilities of provision with it of livestock over a spring and summer period are established. For the first time the optimum terms of beginning of the after growth of autumn rowen, the conditions of different reserve enclosure formation and combination with tame pastures for the prolongation of grazing period in autumn by 50-60 days and on the whole for a season-from 140-150 to 200-210 days are determined. A model of pasture conveyor of perennial grasses for livestock keeping continuously supplied with high-quality green fodder during 210 days is developed. The technology is improved and the recommendations on perennial grass growing and rational use in the green conveyor system are devised. They will permit to obtain cropping capacity at a level of 100-130 hkg/ha dry substance and 70-85 hkg/ha feed units on sown alfalfa-grass stands and on native ones accordingly - 30-50 and 20-30 hkg/ha, the grazing period is prolonged during a season from 140-150 to 200-210 days and at the expense of that cost of fodders and output of animal product are essentially reduced. The developed technologies are introduced at the Bila Tserkva Associated Company of the "Kyiv Regional State Pedigree Enterprise" over an area 50 ha. Thebranch - agriculture.