Fal'fushyns'ka G. The role of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) and to crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz) metallothioneins in the adaptation of organism water pollution

. The object – metallbinding function of molecular forms of metallothioneins of the freshwater organisms. The aim – to compare the properties of metallothioneins molecular forms and the indexes of antioxidant defence system in the representative of evolutionary remote species – carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) and crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz), which belong to the same biotope, under the action of the heavy metal ions and phenol on the organism. The methods of the investigation – chromatographical, spectrofotometrical, statistical. The novelty – for the first time has been shown, that the effect of heavy metal ions and phenol in ecologically realistic concentration provoke the reduction of the copper content in the carp’s MT-2 accordingly to decrease of Cu,Zn-SOD activity in tissues. Under the all effects the zinc content in the crayfish’s metallothioneins significantly elevated thus the copper content was rather stable. The correlation between the changes of zinc content in MT-2 and the forming of TBA-reactive substance in the both species tissues are observed. The fields are ecology, toxicology, biomonitoring.