Turovsky A. Relativistic effects in the system of two nucleons with direct potential interaction

The thesis deals with the study of relativistic effects in the system of two nucleons within the framework of the Breit equation. The equations of the Schrodinger-Breit type are obtained for the singlet and triplet states. The normal and abnormal energy spectra are established to be present, and their analysis is given. Within the framework of the formulated relativistic triplet equations with square-well potentials, the bound state of two nucleons is constructed and the consistent explanation of the essential deuteron experimental parameters is obtained. For the scattering of two nucleons in the singlet spin state, the S-phase-shift is described within the whole energy interval, without significant short-range repulsion in the effective interaction potential for two particles. An expansion of the total scattering amplitude in perturbation theory series with respect to the effective potential is shown to be incorrect.