Zhadan V. State of the glutathione-dependent enzyme system and effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on it in experimental bronchopulmonary pathology.

Subject of the study: state of the glutathione-dependent and mono-oxygenase enzymatic systems under the condi-tions of experimental bronchopulmonary pathology. Objective of the study: to evaluate state of the glutathione-dependent enzymatic system under the conditions of experimental bronchopulmonary pathology and possibility to correct its impairments using omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Methods of the study: biochemical, experimental modeling, statistic. The theoretical and practical results obtained: It was shown that acute and chronic bronchitis and pneumosclerosis, modeled in albino rats, resulted in changes in glutathione content and activity of the enzymes as-sociated in both erythrocytes and cytosol fractions of the liver as well as cytochrome P-450 content in hepatic microsomes. These parameters were shown to be dependent on a model of experimental pathology. Considerable ele-vations in activity of glutathione peroxidase and lowered amounts of the glutathione and P-450 cytochrome reducedare characteristic for all the bronchopulmonary pathologies studied. A possibility was demonstrated for correction of impairments in the glutathione-dependent enzymatic system, which occurred in these pathologies, using omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) with various modes of their administration. It was shown that the usage of omega-3 PUFA for the purpose of treatment, prophylaxis and treatment-and-prophylaxis resulted in an elevated P-450 cytochrome amount. Effects of omega-3 PUFA were shown in vitro on both activity of glutathione-dependent enzymes and glutathione content. The determination of glutathione peroxidase activity and glutathione content in erythrocytes can serve as a biomarker for diagnosis of bronchopulmonary pathologies. By the study results, a patent has been received for the invention entitled "A method for activation of enzymes within the hepatic detoxication glutathione-dependent enzymatic system in experiment". The novelty: For the first time, there were studied state of the glutathione-dependent enzymatic system in liver and blood as well as hepatic contents of P-450 cytochromes and b5 in experimental acute/chronic bronchitis and pneumosclerosis. It was demonstrated that the therapeutic, prophy-lactic and treatment-and-prophylactic usage of exogenous omega-3 PUFA ensured efficacious correction of both the glutathione-dependent enzymatic system and the P-450 cytochrome content aimed at improving the organism resis-tance under the conditions of bronchopulmonary pathology. Field of application: Biochemistry, Pulmonology.