Kushnir O. 3. Bioecological plant habits and peculiarities of establishment of decorative plantations on cemeteries

Object - process of forming ornamental plantations on cemeteries in the city of Kyiv. Purpose - analysis of current state of ornamental plantations, determination of taxonomic composition, bioecological and ornamental properties of wooden and herbaceous plants on cemeteries of the city of Kyiv, assessment of landscaping organization of cemetery areas and plant assortment, development of recommendations for classification and zoning of cemetery areas and science-based peculiarities of creation of plantations with a defined range of ornamental plants. Methods - forestry and taxonomic, phytocenological, mathematical and statistical, bioecological and botanical.Novelty - classification of cemeteries by their period of establishment, place of location, authority and territorial subordination and their current state was made for the first time. The history of establishing cemeteries and respective use of ornamentals in ancient times were examined. Architectural and landscape organization of cemetery areas with allocation of functional zones and formation of roads and paths, including determination of pavement types, were proposed. A taxonomic analysis of plants in plantations was carried out. Bioecological and ornamental properties of wooden and herbaceous plants at cemeteries of the city of Kyiv were examined. Types of plantations were determined and range of wooden and herbaceous plants with respective ornamental properties and semantics for different functional zones and types of plantations on cemeteries was proposed. Principles of composition and science-based peculiarities of arranging, forming and keeping wooden and flowering plants as well as lawns on cemeteries were developed. Results of research - for evaluation of current state of ornamental plantations on cemeteries range of plants was defined, landscape structure and functions of plantations were determined. For development of principles of ornamental compositions the following was proposed: range of wooden and herbaceous plants for different typesof plantations on cemeteries depending on their symbolic meanings, architectural and landscaping organization of cemetery areas, classification of cemeteries and arrangement approaches, laying out and keeping of wooden and flowering plants as well as lawns in compliance with modern agrotechnical techniques. Field - landscape architecture.