Dyky E. The bottom vegetation succession of shelf of South-Eastern Crimea

Describes the recent state and succession of ground vegetation of South-Eastern Crimea shelf for the period of 1970-2006. Successional series of phytocenoses for a flat structure of a ground and for vertical rocky substrata are plotted. It is shown that during studied period the biomass of macrophytobenthos of Karadag area decreased, first of all, due to degradation of brown perennial Cystoseira crinita, C. barbata and Cladostephus verticillatus. At the same time, the 2-4 times increase of Ulva rigida biomass and species of Cladophora is observed as well as their distribution to small depths. The map of ground vegetation of Karadag reserve was plotted, and the changes of their structure and spatial distribution were shown. Replacement of Cystoseira association by association of Cystoseira-Phyllophora is shown; and three new vegetative associations: Cystoseira-Phyllophora-Ulva, Phyllophora-Ulva and Styllophora-Cladophora, the subdominants of which are green mesosaprobic algae are described. It is alsoshown significant reduce of vegetation area and phytocenosis biomass of Zostera sea grass. In the course of succession Z. marina at shallow depths was replaced by new dominant - Z. noltii; and two monoprepotent deep zones within the limits of Zostera association were formed. It is demonstrated that the successions of bottom vegetation of South-Eastern Crimea are allogenic degradation in their nature; and the main moving factors of successions are eutrophication of water areas and decrease of water masses transparency. The annotated list of algae-macrophyta of South-Eastern Crimea, which number's 185 algae species of three Division and 2 species of Angiosperms is given.