Kalafat L. Ecology-and-biology peculiarities of the Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in the flat part of Ukraine

Complex comparative monitoring experiments of structural-heritable characteristics and variability of reproductive indexes of Pinus sylvestris L. in populations that differ by the natural climatic conditions of vegetable zones of Ukraine have been carried out; the level of polymorphism and allozyme structure of populations, their subdivision and differentiation have been defined. In the limits of areal for P. sylvestris on the flat part of Ukraine only 2 % of the whole allozyme variation fits into interpopulation component. It has been noted, that plants, which get under the influence of radioactive pollution have more cases of disruption of alleles' segregation. In the seeds' posterity of P. sylvestris from different places of growth, including polluted territories the significant decrease of heterozygosity has been noted, when sufficiently high level of allelic diversity occurs, which is proper for maternal plants. Pollution of the environment with radionuclides, cars' emissions and electromagnetic radiation does not cause significant reduction of the reproductive function of P. sylvestris plants and does not cause monodirectional changes in the population structure. Plants with a high productivity of empty seeds and optimal heterozygosity (22%) can be recommended to the forestry organizations for the formation of regional plots of mass seeds' reproduction.