Sokurenko V. Justification of parameters of structural elements dispersed charge to improve the quality of preparation of the mountain masses in quarries

Object: The processes of rock explosion. Objective: To improve the quality of rock mass in the extraction of rocks of medium strength through the use of scientific parameters of structural elements dispersed downhole explosive charge with air and combined with inert intervals. Methods: analytical developments on the basis of the theory of fracture and mikrotreschinovatosti rocks; experimental determination on the range of specific volumes of toxic gaseous emissions in an explosion of different types of explosive charges and structures; experimental measurement of the earthquake ground motion, statistical analysis of observations, techno-economic analysis. Theoretical and practical results: the effectiveness of the analysis a dispersed borehole explosive charges to produce high-quality rock mass in different geological conditions of the quarries for the extraction of nonmetallic minerals, developed the theoretical basis for the calculation of rational parameters of new structural elements - combined rare intervals in dispersed borehole explosive charge; set of rational parameters of structural elements are often dispersed charges that increase the intensity and uniformity of crushing of the rock mass subject to the project marks the foot of the ledge; investigated the effectiveness of rock at the bottom of the ledge by changing the amplitude and duration of dynamic multi-effects when using the combined inert gaps in the explosive charge ; on the range studied the effect of structures of different types of explosive charges in the specific volumes of toxic gases produced during the explosion, studied the effect of structural parameters of explosive charges on the seismic vibrations in massive explosions in quarries. The novelty: the first time theoretically and experimentally justified by the rational parameters of new structural elements of the dispersed explosive charges and combined rare intervals, which provide multi-load the bottom of the ledge, increase the intensity and uniformity of repulsing crushing of the rock mass, and quality elaboration foot ledge to the project level decreases by 50 -- 100% of the perebura; first theoretically sound new method for determining the rational arrangement of the initiators in the continuum of homogeneous and composite borehole charges in two-and multipoint initiation, first developed a method for assessing the environmental safety of massive explosions on the volume of toxic gas emissions of 1 m3 of chipped rock mass, with the type BB, construction charges and conditions of explosives. The proposed structure of charges have been pilot-production testing and are used in the manufacture of blasting operations in quarries: Zheltokamenskom and West Tyaginskom who develop deposits of carbonate rocks. Application: surface mining.