Rieznichenko L. Biochemical effects of gold nanoparticles influence on prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

The object of study: different size gold nanoparticles' influence on the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Aim: to estimate the biochemical effects of different size gold nanoparticles influence on the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Methods: biochemical, molecular-biological; colloidal-chemical. Spherical gold nanoparticles with average size 10, 20, 30 and 45 nm have been synthesized. For the first time it has been determined, that gold nanoparticles with average size 30 nm stimulate on 20-40% the Н+-АТР-аse activity of bacteria cells' membrane fraction, on 30-50% - ?-lactamase activity of E. сoli bacteria and in concentration 1,10 mcg/ml by metal stabilize the cell wall of gramnegative (E. сoli) as well as grampositive (Ent. faecalis) bacteria cells. The concentration optimum (0,1-1,0 ng metal per cell) and fast kinetics (3-5 min) of the process of gold nanoparticles contact interaction with eukaryotic tumor U937 cells have been first determined in the in vitro experiments. It has been revealed, that gold nanoparticles with average size 30 and 45 nm under the conditions of interaction with СНО-К1 cells as well as U937 tumor cells have not an influence on their DNA structure; 10 and 20 nm gold nanoparticles damage DNA structure of both types of the cells. Gold nanoparticles influence on Na+,K+-АТР-ase and lactate dehydrogenase activities of U937 tumor cells has been shown for the first time. The changes in blood protein fractions' content after intravenous injection of gold nanoparticles have been determined for animals with inoculated Gu-rin's carcinoma, resistant to cisplatin. The peculiarities of gold nanoparticles distribution and accumulation in organs and tumors of the laboratory animals have been studied. For the first time it has been determined gold nanoparticles maximum accumulation in the tumors (78,90±5,27 ng Au/g tissue), in comparison with the organs, in 1 hour after intravenous injection. The gold content in tumors stays on high level after 24 hours. Scope: biotechnologies based on bacteria strains' usage; nanotechnologies based on gold nanoparticles for diagnostic device and pharmaceutical preparations' target delivery systems design.