Pavliuk O. The native copper and gold in the residual soil of mafites and in the sedimentary rocks of the southwestern part of Ukrainian Shield

Pavliuk Oleksandra Vyacheslavivna. The native copper and gold in the residual soil of mafites and in the sedimentary rocks of the southwestern part of Ukrainian Shield. - Manuscript. Thesis for the Candidate's degree of geological sciences by speciality 04.00.20 - mineralogy, crystallography. - M. P. Semenenko Institute of Geochemistry, Mineralogy and Ore Formation of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 2009. The research results of chemical composition, morphology and feature expansion of native copper and gold from residual soil gravel-clay and clay horizons of archean metamafites volcanogenic rock complexes and from sedimentary rocks of southwestern part Ukrainian Shield in comparison with "gross" copper and gold from crystal basis are presented. Morphology of native copper and gold from the residual soil depends on the residual soil type, its thickness and changes rate by hypergene processes. In sedimentary rocks the copper morphology is such as in the underlying residual soil. Morphology of gold from sedimentary horizons depends on the length of its transfer from the aboriginal source. The chemically pure copper and the zinc copper predominate in the explored area. Iron, argentum, nickel, vanadium occur most often among the additive elements. Hypergene gold is characterized by chemically purity, but gold from the crystal basis is characterized by the presence of additions of argentum, rarely copper and iron. The main processes and physical-chemical conditions that had been promoting a formation of native copper and gold at hypergene conditions of the residual soils of the crystal basis of the explored area are described. It is substantiated the availability of the definite strips and areas for profitable extraction of native copper and gold. Keywords: native copper, native gold, mafites, residual soil, sedimentary rocks, southwestern part of Ukrainian Shield, morphological types, hypergenesis.