Objects of researches - ecotoxicology of plant protection chemical from weeds. Purpose - ecotoxicological a substantiation of herbicides application at soybean in Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods: laboratory, laboratory-field, field, mathematical, statistical. Scientific novelty - is established for the first time first installed them ekotoksykolohichnyh correlation properties of the polarity of the compounds. Determined dipole moment, which is a function of molecular structure, and classified according to the polarity of the modern range of herbicides used to protect soybean. The algorithm for systematic analysis riznopolyarnyh soybean herbicides buffer means thin layer and gas-liquid chromatography, which allows to choose optimal extraction, purification, qualitative and quantitative tests for each pesticide individually, and their mixtures and control content at hygienic standards. Been shown that the mechanism of action of herbicides (influence on enzymatic activity and the number of microorganisms of the soil, a symbiotic system, the processes of nitrogen fixation in plants) correlated with their polarity and depends on technology applications and standards costs. Malopolyarni different chemical classes of herbicides by use of standard costs 0.9 -1.5 kg / ha (dymetenamid, alahlor, atsetohlor, prometryn, S - metolahlor, propahizofop, metrybuzyn, bentazon, pendymetalin, kletodym), polar (tyfensulfuron-methyl, imazetapir, glyphosate) to the standard wipe ten times less - 0,05-0,01 kg / ha act as a stress factor. Inoculation of seeds active strain of Bradyrhizobium japonicum 634b and micro-processing completely removes toxic effect and stimulating metabolism. According to the integrated classification considering toxicological-hygienic and ekotoksykolohichni indicators 7 - power additive scale herbicides ? malopolyarnyh moderately hazardous (4-5 degree), and polar (6-7 degree) malonebezpechnyh compounds. For priority impact on soybean Agrotsenoz proposed average degree of hazard, taking into account the content of active substance and the norm of the drug. According to this index Pivot preparation containing polar imazetapir little dangerous, should be attributed to the highly dangerous first-class products.The branch is agriculture, plant protection.
