Averchuk A. Ecological features of lichenoindication of anthropogenically transformed environment in the south-eastern part of Ukraine.

The object is lichenoindication of environment. The aim is to establish the ecological features of lichenoindication of anthropogenically transformed environment in the south-eastern part of Ukraine. The methods are field, light optical definition; bioecological and geographical analysis, statistics. A specific diversity and correlation of lichen ecomorphs within the studied ecotopes of anthropogenically transformed territories characterized by different level of anthropological pressing in the south-eastern part of Ukraine were studied. A bioecological survey of types of neoedaphotope lichens in coal mines waste piles was conducted. Lichenoflora of ecotopes within the local territories was researched for the first time (Donetsk City, Makiyivka, Krasnyi Luch), and a large scale mapping was performed, which was based on the index of the air purity defined by lichen. The reaction of lichen on the environment pollution with heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Mn), sulphur dioxide and radioactive particles was established. For the first time in Ukraine a method of indicating the substrate of coal mines' waste piles radioactivity was suggested and tested. It is confirmed that the ecological features of expansion, species diversity and correlation of lichen types' ecomorphs are the informative indicators of the condition of anthropogenically transformed environment and, thus, lichens can serve as the biomarkers of anthropogenic pollution of the environment in the monitoring of the environment pollution.