Object - the seasonal dynamic of lipid peroxidation and activity of antioxidant enzymes in organism of pond fishes, the influence of feed components in the ration of carp on the cell metabolism, growth and productivity. Purpose - to establish the seasonal features of lipid peroxidation, antioxidant system in organs and tissues of different type of pond fishes - common carp, silver carp and grass carp; to determine expedience of pro- and antioxidant system correction by vitamins and microelements for the improvement of adaptation possibilities of fish organism in winter-spring period. Novelty: in the first time on the basis of complex researches it was found out the specific and seasonal features of pro- and antioxidant processes in the organism of pond fishes during annual cycle of growing. It was established specific and seasonal differences in the processes of lipid peroxidation, vitamins A, E and carotenoids content, activity of antioxidant system enzymes in a liver, skeletal muscles, skin and gill of common carp, silver carp and grass carp. The functional connection between seasonal changes in lipid peroxidation, activity of antioxidant enzymes and content of vitamins A, E and carotenoids in organs and tissues of common carp, silver carp and grass carp were analized. It was shown that adaptation possibilities of fishes depend on the lipid peroxidation processes, activity of antioxidant enzymes and content of natural antioxidant in their organism. It was established the productivity and survival of carp in winter-spring period increased at the terms of additional introduction to their ration vitamins A, E and microelements Se, Cu, Zn and Mn. The methods: biochemical (spectrophotometric, chromatographic), statistic. Results: it was established the specific and seasonal features of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense system in liver, skeletal muscles, skin and gill of common carp, silver carp and grass carp and their dependence on a season were presented. It has been shown the content of lipid peroxidation products in organs and tissues of pond fishes at the beginning of winter and spring was significantly higher and the superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were significantly lower than at the beginning of summer and autumn. It was found higher activity of catalase in the liver and gill of pond fish in the early spring. The content of vitamins А1, А2, Е and carotenoids in liver and skeletal muscles of pond fishes at the beginning of winter and spring was significantly lower than at the beginning of summer and autumn. The content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in organs and tissues of common carp was significantly lower than in silver carp and grass carp. It has been proposed the method of increase antioxidant status in organism of two-year-old common carp by addition the vitamins A, E and microelements Se, Cu, Zn and Mn in their diet.
