Dolia P. A rational system to protect grapevine from diseases in the Dnieper Left-Bank steppe area of Ukraine

Over the period of 2007-2010, under the conditions of the Dnieper Left-Bank steppe area of Ukraine, the intensity of infection of three grape cultivars (Rkatsiteli, Podarok Magaracha and Pervenets Magaracha) with the most destructive diseases of the crop, mildew and oidium, was studied, and the size of losses of yield without implementation of protection measures was determined, leading to the establishment of their field resistance to these diseases. A high level of field re-sistance to oidium was revealed in cvs Pervenets Magaracha and Podarok Magaracha in the study grape-growing area. Cv Pervenets Magaracha showed a low level of field resistance of the leaf apparatus to mildew in the case of the epiphytotic development of this disease. Cvs Podarok Magaracha and Pervenets Magaracha were found to have a higher mildew resistance of clusters relative to that of the leaf ap-paratus. The use of the modern Italian tunnel-type sprayer LIPKO led to a lower development of this disease than when the fantype sprayer ОПВ-2000 was used. The possibility to reduce the norms of fungicide application in mildew control on grapevine by 30-50% with the use of the tunnel-type model LIPKO was proved experimentally. High effectiveness of the new fungicide Forum when applied prior to harvest time at 1.2 kg/ha for control of mildew on grapevine was proved experi-mentally. The systems of protection of these three grape cultivars from the most de-structive epiphytotic diseases were improved, resulting in reducing the ecotoxi-cological risk associated with the use of chemical preparations for plant protection to a low-hazard level, which also enhances their resource-saving aspect as an important component of varietal cultural practices.