Matsiboruk P. Impacts of the population of European beaver (Castor fiber L.) on forest ecosystems of Ukrainian Polis'ya.

Data on the history of the spread and demecological distribution features of the European beaver populations in some European countries has been analyzed and summarized. Results of the research on the beaver activity and role in ecosystems of various types have been systematized. The analysis of a number and spatial distribution regularities of the beaver settlements in the Ukrainian Polis'ya typical forest ecosystems has been performed. A spatial structure and influence characteristics of an environment forming and feed extractive activity of this type on the region forest ecosystems have been described. It was found that a sharp increase in the population due to the settlement of an abandoned drainage reclamation systems leads to a secondary waterlogging and flooding of large areas as well as the destruction of the infrastructure facilities (canals, roads), causing a certain damage. We have found that a spatial and temporal dynamics of the beaver local populations depend on a type and feed capacity of lands. These indicators are the basis for a bonitation of land, population forecasting and production planning of the beaver in Ukrainian Polis'ya. Principles have been identified and practical recommendations concerning a value sustainable management of the European beaver population as a significant environmental factor and a valuable hunting resource has been developed as well.