Kozij N. The influence of the Ukrainian Carpathians forests on the formation of slope water runoff

Object flow control function of mountain forests. Aim to study of influence of above-ground and underground components of various-structure forest ecosystems on the formation of slope run-off of rainfall. Research methods - silvicultural hydrological, hydrological, silvicultural taxational, soil, mathematical statistics. Scientific novelty - first established that the value of liquid precipitation interception in middle-aged mixed stands with fir, depending on the composition of the stand is 26-34 % of the value of precipitation; the structure of interception in different forest stands differs mainly particle evaporation during rainfall. According to the analysis of relationships between groundwater levels, water content sources and drains of the first order noted that the slope runoff is a major contributor to water level during floods. The intensity of the revenues slope runoff from watersheds covered by high degree stocking spruce or fir forests are in 1.4-2 rose less than from treeless watersheds or covered by high degree stocking plantings. Founded that slope runoff is not formed even during intensity of artificial sprinkling 2 mm/min under middle-aged mixed high degree stocking stands with fir. However, under the plantations stocking less than 0.4 and open stands areas slope runoff occurs during intensity of artificial sprinkling of 1.5 mm/min. The methodology of interception studying and the methodology of studying soil permeability by artificial sprinkling areas are improved. A mathematical model has been developed of the flow of rain floods generated by intense downpours. Practical significance. The research results are part of the methodological and theoretical framework for improving the assessment of the impact of forests on flow control on small Carpathian catchments and processing of principles of integrated environmental watershed management. Their use will create normative documents for forest management in view of borders of mountain watersheds. Basic theoretical and applied results of dissertation are recommended for implementation in the forestry enterprises of the Carpathian region for the assessment changes in processes of formation of slope water flow after forest management works. Area of application forestry.