Kovalchuk N. Metabolicprofile of blood and the immune system in sport horses under the physical loading

Objective: to study characteristics of the metabolic profile of blood and the immune system in the thoroughbred Ukrainian and English riding horses after physical loading, determination of exterior and genetic characteristics, types of higher nervous activity and their relationship with workability. Object: adaptive mechanisms of compensatory processes during physical loading of the thoroughbred Ukrainian and English riding horses. Methods: the clinical, hematological, biochemical (spectrophotometric, chromatographic), immunological, zootechnical, statistics. Novelty: for the first a comprehensive study of clinical, hematological, biochemical, immunological, genetic, exterior parameters and types of the higher nervous activity in the thoroughbred Ukrainian and English riding horses and their relationship with workability were determined. Results: it was shown that at once after physiological loading of experimental horses, the rate of pulse and breathing raised. The content of glucose, lactic acid, urea, hemoglobin and hematocrit in the blood of these animals increased. The activity of LDH, CK, AP and AST was also higher. BA and FA of neutrophilic granulocytes of blood grew, moreover the number of T- and B-lymphocytes and their functional activity enhanced. An hour after physical loading the most of studied parameters decreased to the level, detected at the period of rest. In addition, the resumption of studied clinical, hematological, biochemical and immunological parameters to the norm was faster in horses of Ukrainian riding breed compared with English, demonstrating advantage of their usage. It also was found out the interbreed differentiation of genetic structure of sport horses population. It was established the positive correlation between measuring and working capacity in horses of both experimental breed. It was determined that better parameters of working capacity is characteristic for horses with strong balanced active type of high nervous activity.