Popyk I. Status immune and antioxidant systems of the carp, depending on the level of vitamin A in the diet

Object: the activity of antioxidant and immune system of carp and its reproductive capacity at different ration composition and the content of vitamin A. Objective: to clarify the influence of different levels of vitamin A in the ration of carp on the immune and antioxidant systems, growth and reproductive function. Methods: biochemical (spectrophotometric, chromatographic), immunological, fish-breeding, statistics. Novelty: at first a comparative studies of lipid peroxidation, antioxidant system, cell-mediated and humoral immunity of carp organism in different periods of their growth and at additional feeding of vitamin A were determined. The effect of different levels of vitamin A in the ration of female carp in before-spawning period on antioxidant system and immune status, growth and reproductive function was researched. Results: it was shown that in the organism of carps, which except the natural food, consumed standard feed and the same feed with supplement of vitamin A, increased the content of lipid peroxides and TBARS products,the number of B-cells with low density of receptors and decreased the number of B-cells with high density of receptors, which are necessary for production of antibodies, decreased superoxide dismutase and catalase activity and enhanced phagocytic activity of neutrophils, bactericidal and lysozyme activity. It was observed a significantly higher growth rate in carps, which received the standard feed and feed with additional amount of vitamin A, compared to the carp, which consumed only natural food.The additional introduction to the ration of females carp 2500 and 5000 IE retynilacetate enhanced the superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity, decreased the lipid peroxidation products content and increased vitamins A and E content, and enhanced their absolute fecundity and weightspawn. The additional feeding 5000 IE/kg feed vitamin A in before-spawning period contributed an increase the number of T -and B -lymphocytes and increase their functional activity by strengthening the immune cell receptor system and an enhance bactericidal and lysozyme activity and the phagocytic activity neutrophils and an increase phagocytic index and number.