Kolyadzhyn I. Forestry and ecological basis of fir stands formation in Ciscarpathia

Object of research is spruce- beech -fir forests of the humid and wet habitats in Precarpathians The aim of the study was to find rational ways and methods of reconstruction and reorganization of mixed fir forests in Precarpathians based on knowledge of silvicultural characteristics and use of ecological potential of site conditions. Research methods were forestry methods, measurement methods, obtaining typological differences and establishing indicators of site conditions, experimental methods, theoretical generalizations, hypotheses and assumptions and modeling. Scientific novelty of the study: it was described forest types, age and spatial structure of beech and spruce- fir forests in humid and wet habitats of Precarpathians, which were mainly characterized by even aged stands. Absolutely unevenaged stands and unevenaged stands were three-tiered, relatively unevenaged stands were two-tiered with mostly uneven - group placement of trees and even aged stands were even-tiered with domination of the regular placement of trees in the area. Methods of reorganization of stands with silver fir in the Precarpathians conditions were proposed. Those methods fact that to increase the biological stability, achieve the goal of composition and structure of the stand and to move to a selective system of forest management should be carried out medium- intensity logging reorganization, combining a selection of individual trees and their biogroups, set the dynamics of formation of spruce- beech- fir forests in humid and wet habitats Precarpathians, that characterizes the successive stages of tree stands first with a predominance of spruce, and fir with permanent dominance. The practical significance of the results. The practical value and importance of scientific results consists the recommendations aimed at building sustainable high performance mixed fir forests in conditions of Precarpathians. Based on result the development of the provisions of forest management on typological basis was done. Conclusions and recommendations, directions and processed by reconstruction and reorganization of mixed fir forests in humid and wet habitat implemented in the structural units of the Ivano- Frankivsk Regional state administration of forestry and hunting. Area of application: forestry