Komiak V. Models and methods of partitioning and tracing for evaluation of evacuation routes in high-rise buildings during design

Object of a study - the process of the optimization in the three-dimensional tasks of partition and tracing. Purpose of a study - increase in the effectiveness of the volumetrically- planning solutions with respect to safe evacuation from the high-rise buildings due to the development of mathematical models and methods for the solution of the discrete three-dimensional problems of partition and tracing, which consider the special features of the design of buildings and normative requirements on the evacuation. Methods of the study: mathematical simulation, geometric design (for constructing the model of the optimization of partition and tracing), geometric simulation (for developing the methods of the optimization of partition and tracing), discrete optimization (for obtaining the rational plans of evacuation from the high-rise buildings). The theoretical and practical value of work consists of an increase in the effectiveness of the solution of the discretized problems of partition and tracing due to the optimization of the permissible, from the point of view of the limitations of task, versions of the design solutions, in shortening of the periods of the substantiation of the volumetrically- planning solutions of buildings, from the point of view of a safe stay of people in them, due to the automation of the process of the search for rational structure and sizes of evacuation routes. Scientific novelty: 1) was further developed the mathematical model of the three-dimensional optimization problem of partition and tracing in the part of the calculation of standards and technological limitations to the metric parameters of the subregions of partition and conducting of routes, which made it possible to carry out decomposition of general task to the subtasks of partition and tracing; 2) is for the first time developed mathematical model and method of the solution of the three-dimensional problem of the partition of the assigned region, which made it possible to consider the complex of the existing technological limitations to the partition of initial region to two forms of the regions: ultimate purpose and regions for conducting the routes, and to represent the task of in the form interconnected two-dimensional tasks of smaller dimensionality; 3) mathematical model and method of the partition of two-dimensional multiconnected region on the subregion is for the first time developed by mutually orthogonal straight lines with the assigned relationship of the areas of subregions. Method makes it possible to form subregions of partition for conducting the optimum routes permissible, from the point of view of the limitations of task the, standard; 4) is for the first time proposed mathematical model and method of the solution of the three-dimensional problem of tracing taking into account of the existing standards and limitations on the evacuation route, which made it possible to reduce task to the two-dimensional tasks of the tracing of smaller dimensionality; 5) obtained further development mathematical model and method of the optimization of routes in the two-dimensional multiconnected region due to the calculation of technological limitations to the structure and the parameters of routes. Work is inculcated in the main administration for civil service of the Ukraine for extraordinary situations in Kharkov region and in Novograd-Volynskiy design-production architectural-planning enterprise. The results of work are used in the training process of the national university of the civil protection of the Ukraine.