Khomych N. Character of cellular metabolism in animals under an influence of chromium (VI) and using vitamin E and selenium.

1. The object of study - the mechanisms of action of chromium (VI) in the processes of cellular metabolism, correction of metabolic disorders caused by inflow and accumulation of this element in animals. The goal - to find some level of influence mechanisms Cr (VI) metabolism and antioxidant system in the cells of internal organs and skeletal muscle and blood leukocytes of rabbits and white rats under intake of potassium dichromate through the digestive tract, to explore the possibility of correction of metabolic disorders in rabbits body and reduce the harmful effects of Cr (VI) on animal performance using vitamin E and selenium.Results - research focuses on clarifying the biochemical mechanisms of influence of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) on metabolism and antioxidant system in the cells of internal organs, skeletal muscle and leucocytes of rabbits and white rats by means of intragastric administration of potassium dichromate (5 mg/kg) for, respectively, 30- and 21-day period; the impact of Cr (VI) on the performance of rabbits in conditions of daily intake of K2Cr2O7 with drinking water (60 days at doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg) and the correction of metabolic disorders by using the antioxidants - vitamin E and selenium. It is established that Cr(VI) affects a prooxidant-antioxidant status of the cells, causing the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products and the changes in antioxidant system activity, influences the catabolism of sugars in the cells of liver, kidney, lung, skeletal muscle and in the leucocytes of animals. It is shown that after 30-day administration of K2Cr2O7, the concentration of chromium increases in heart, liver, kidney, lungs, spleen and skeletal muscle of rabbits, respectively, by 4.85, 3.46, 3.21, 2.75, 2, 2 and 1.99 times. Intake of Cr(VI) with drinking water (during 60 days at doses of 5 and 10 mg / kg) causes a decrease in body weight, weight changes of internal organs, and affects the quality of hair of the rabbits. The administration of vitamin E and selenium simultaneously with Cr(VI) intake reduces the content of lipid peroxidation products, improves antioxidant status of the cells of internal organs, skeletal muscle and white blood cells, increases weight, improves hair quality compared with those established in animals exposed to hexavalent chromium.