Lukach I. The Monroe Doctrine in the U. S. Policy in Latin America (1895-1917).

Actually a declaration, announced by the president James Monroe in his 1823 State of the Union address, the Doctrine became a longstanding cornerstone of U.S. foreign policy. Due to the historical circumstances it underwent significant changes. The author considers fundamentally new readings and corollaries, added to the Doctrine in 1895-1917. The close connection of the Monroe Doctrine evolution to the urgent tasks of the U. S. diplomacy in Latin America, ensuing from such outstanding events of the late 19 th - early 20th century as the Venezuela Crisises of 1895 and 1902-1903, the Spanish-American War of 1898, building of the Panama Canal and the U. S. entry into the First World War is highlighted. It is pointed out that numerous corollaries to the Monroe Doctrine (as those made by state secretary R. Olney, president T. Roosevelt, senator H. C. Lodge) and its new interpretations allowed the USA to maintain a reasonable foreign policy and defense course. It consisted in a gradual displacement of the European powers rivals in the Latin American region, considered as the U. S. exceptional sphere of influence. Thus the Monroe Doctrine provided precedent and support for U.S. expansion on the American continent.