Shekhovtseva O. The ecological and biological estimation of edaphotops of urbanecosystems of Mariupol city.

The object is soils urban ecosystems of Mariupol. The aim is to carry out the ecological and biological evaluation of different edaphotops of Mariupol based on the study of physical and chemical properties of the soil, the analysis of their biological activity, and the basic indicators of communities of soil algae. Methods are field, landscape-geochemical, and analytical laboratory; Algological soil, eco-cenologycal, molecular-genetic, microbiological; morphological, physical and chemical, biochemical analysis; mathematical statistics using correlation, regression and cluster analysis, bioinformatic approach. There were examined the formation processes of physicochemical and biological indexes depending on granulometric composition of soil profile and also an influence of these factors on ecological conditions of urban landscapes. In the dissertation presented the results of studying some chemical indexes of soils urbanization on the degree of heavy metals contamination. The Plumbum correlates with humus and рН, Copper with silt soil faction. The accumulation of heavy metals in the surface horizons of soils can stimulate or inhibit the development of algae depending on the metal concentration. The physicochemical properties of soils developing under urboecosystem conditions affect the number of structure-forming species, biomass, and proportions of soil algae. The change of integral indexes of biological activity can serve as the degree of the anthropogenic affecting soils. The processes of urbanization have caused some changes in natural biogeocenosiss and also of the formation of artificial ecological systems. Thus, taxonomic and ecological structure soil algae of urbanоecosystem have been investigated for industrial, residential, recreational and transportation areas of the city. The dominant and specific types algae soils of the functional zones city of Mariupol determined. Application spheres are monitoring the education process.