Veremchuk Y. The peculiarities of microscopic structure of spinal knots of poultry

The paper presents the peculiarities of macro- and microstructure of the spinal knots of different species of poultry (quails, hens, turkeys, ducks, and geese) on the basis of complex methods of research. It has been established that depending on their department and species of birds, the shape, size of spinal knots, location and morphometric indexes of their nerve cell, and content and localization of the basophilic substances, nucleic acids and proteins. The investigations conducted show that the largest area of longitudinal section knots of cervical thickening of poultry and the thickness of their capsules are higher than other investigated spinal knots. It has been established that the cellular structure of spinal knots of investigated birds is heterogeneous and differs volumes of perikaryons of nerve cells and their nuclei, nuclear and cytoplasmatic relation, the degree of basophilia and a glial supply. The thesis presents new scientific data about the quantitative and qualitative changes in neurons and glial cells of different parts of the spinal knots. The histochemical experiments on the detection and localization of content of nucleic acids and proteins have shown the highest intensity of histochemical reactions observed in the nerve cells of the spinal knots of cervical and lumbosacral thickening of all investigated poultry. The research results show the todays idea about the patterns of histostructure and morphometric characteristics of the spinal knots of poultry in comparative aspect. It also depend on their species, adaptation to the specific conditions of existence and physical activity.