Litovchenko A. Reparative techniques of surgical treatment of local defects of knee joint cartilage (clinical and experimental study)

Studied the role of bone marrow during the process of reparative chondrogenesis on the background of chondromalacia of the articular cartilage in experimental animals as the result of experimental researches based on morphological, morphometric, immunohistochemical analysis. The implementation of mechanism of reparative chondrogenesis done through mechanical stimulation of bone marrow cells cambium. Optimal number of multipotent stem cells of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal capable of restoring cartilage, deep tunnelization procedure provided to the medullary cavity. The clinical observation of 61 patients with small local defects of the knee joint cartilage, proved that the priority focus of regenerative surgery has a deep tunnelization zone of the knee joint cartilage defect in comparison with microfracturing and subchondral tunneling. It was obtained 9.5% good, 85.8% satisfactory results and only 4.7% noted unsatisfactory results, which indicates the efficiency and expediency of the developed surgical techniques.