Hoha S. Association and solvation in solutions of tetraalkylammonium and N-alkylpyridinium salts with hydrophobic anions

The dissertation is aimed to reveal the main properties and regularities of behavior of electrolytic systems based on asymmetrical tetraalkylammonium cations with hydrophobic anions in solvents of different polarity. The solubility and dissociation of N-cetylpyridinium and cetyltrimethylammonium perchlorates, CPP and CTAP respectively, as well as of tetra-n-pentylammonium perchlorate, TPAP, in a set of solvents, mainly in water-propanol-2 at 278,15-308,15 К. The dissolution exhibits an essential endothermic character, and the higher solubility of CPP and CTAP as compared with that of TPAP is caused by the expressed amphiphilic character of the first two asymmetrical cations. Using the conductivity data in 4-methyl-pentaneone-2 it was revealed that, for asymmetrical and symmetrical cations with similar van der Waals volume, the mobilities are almost equal. In benzene and chlorobenzene, the CPP and CTAP exist in form of aggregates with size of several dozens of nanometers.