Golubaev O. Kinematic and physical characteristics of meteoroids with radiants near the Sun according to terrestrial television observations

The thesis is devoted to solving a complex of scientific problems of meteor astronomy which related with the improvement of observation methods, observation material processing and analysis of the results for studing kinematics and physical properties of meteoroids which have radiants on the celestial sphere near the Sun during the collision with the Earth. The main result is the method improving and created appropriate software for calculating basic kinematic parameters of meteors with observations from two distant points. The method was created and was tested for computing basic kinematic parameters for a special case - bolides phenomena observation during the day. The method was used for calculating basic kinematic parameters of Chelyabinsk bolide phenomenon on February 15, 2013. A database of meteors video observations in Odessa was created (since 2003). It contains more than 11000 videos of meteor phenomena. The distribution of meteor particles with perihelion distances shows a sharp decrease of the meteoroid number at q < 0.08 AU, where the formation of microscopic dust completes due to sublimation of cometary nucleis at the approach to the Sun. The meteoroid distribution of masses was found a relative decrease of weight for dust particles near Sun on after perihelion part of their orbit. It is concluded that there is a region at the heliocentric distance at ~ 0.1 AU, where a significant evaporation substance of meteoroids begins with the approaching to the Sun. It was found new groups and subgroups of meteor radiants which associated with sporadic dust particles of the near Sun sporadic background. Detected new groups and subgroups of meteor radiants were associated with sporadic dust particles of around Sun background. Each group of radiants belongs to comet families: radiants with elongation about 30° and 155° from the Sun belong to Marsden and Kraht comet families and radiants with elongation about 50° and 135° from the Sun belong to Kreutz family of comets. The practical value of this work is that the observation and processing method represented in this work can be applied for any class of meteor patrols: mobile, automatic and permanent (fixed) equipped with lenses of all types and characteristics (from short focal lenses to telescopic optical systems). The research results outlined in this work complement the basic knowledge of the solar thermal impact on the physical and chemical properties of the Solar system bodies. It is necessary to consider the effect of thermal desorption of meteoroid matter near the Sun during studying of the evolution of their kinematic and physical and chemical parameters.