Shevchyk L. Ecological assessment and phytoremediation of oil-contaminated soil.

Object - soils artificially contaminated with oil and oil-contaminated soils of dumps of Borislav Ozokerite Mine. Goal - environmental assessment of oil-contaminated soils with using plant test-objects and development of scientific and practical activities of phytoremediation of oil-contaminated soils. Methods: field; laboratory: morphological, physiological, biochemical, microbiological, chemical; mathematical and statistical methods with using correlation, regression and variance analysis; cartographical interpolation of data. The thesis is devoted to environmental assessment and restoration of oil-contaminated soils using higher plants. Linum usitatissimum L., Helianthus annuus L. and Fagopyrum vulgare St. are sensitive to oil pollution and are suitable for biotesting of the oil-contaminated soils at early stages of germination (5th days) in the wide range of concentrations of oil in soil (0-20%). High sensitivity of F. vulgare to low concentrations of oil in the soil near approximately admissible level (0.4% of oil in the soil) was discovered and proved for the first time. F. vulgare is recommended to use for bioindication of oil-contaminated soils. A scale of toxicity of oil-contaminated soils is suggested, which shows the relationship between phytotoxicity, content of oil in soil and pollution level. The method of environmental assessment of oil-contaminated soils was tested on the oil-contaminated soils - dumps of Borislav Ozokerite Mine and its efficiency is proved. Optimum conditions for carrying out a phytoremediation are determined. The expediency of using Hippophae rhamnoides for phytoremediation of oil-contaminated soils was proved. Hippophae rhamnoides plants successfully adapt to adverse conditions of the oil-contaminated soils and improve physical, chemical and biological properties of soils, reduce oil content in the soil. The degree of soil cleaning from oil pollution reaches 92.7%. An ecological-economic evaluation of phytoremediation of oil-contaminated soils using Hippophae rhamnoides was carried out. Scope - environmental monitoring, phytoremediation, educational process.