Nazarenko O. The combustion heat quasidifferential conductive calorimeter

The thesis is devoted to the decision of the actual scientifically-applied task the accuracy and fast-acting increasing of facilities for hard, liquid and gaseous fuel combustion heat measuring. Being based on the solid comparative analysis of the existent calorimetric systems types and methods of measuring information treatment, directions of fuel combustion heat conductive calorimeters perfection were defined by application of differential chart of their construction as the effective method of measuring error reduction. The construction of differential bomb calorimeter was worked out on a classic scheme and the method of out-of-control heat exchange and axial heat losses reduction was offered by the thermal block butt ends active adiabatic heat-insulation organization that promotes heat measuring accuracy additionally. By further modernisation of bomb conductive isoperibol aneroid calorimeter the quasidifferential measuring method and quasidifferential calorimeter model were firstly developed with the electrothermal analogy method use. The dynamics of thermal processes in the device and influence of uneven temperature distribution were investigated in a calorimetric cell on the error of measuring, the criteria of optimization and the rational parameters of devices thermal part and secondary measuring and regulative apparatus were defined by a mathematical model and experimental researches. As a result of modelling the method of compensative cell dynamic characteristics tuning for minimization of external indignations influence was offered, a structure was validated and control and measuring module functioning was explored for a calorimetric process optimization. Technology of heat-metrical sensible shell making was modernized, that resulted in reduction of its thermal resistance and gave the opportunity to promote speed of calorimetric experiment results receipting twice. The results of theoretical researches were realized in the quasidifferential calorimetric system pre-production model, experimental studies of the worked out methods and measuring system were undertaken and recommendations were formed in relation to their practical use and prospects of further development of this scientific direction. The developed automated management, control and measuring system of calorimeter with the specialized software application considerably abbreviates calorimetric test laboriousness and eliminates subjective errors. The correctness of calorimetric researches results were estimated by the measurement error, expected on a primary check results by the methodology ratified in GE “Ukrmetr-teststandard”. The measurement error limits is 0,1%, that was confirmed by corresponding certificates. Such measurement error is provided by the integral combustion heat measuring method that is distinguished during the fuel sample incineration. This method envisages integration the heat-metrical shell signal from the fuel sample arson moment to the stationary thermal mode establishment during near a half an hour, and whole time of calorimetric experience come up to two hours. The ballistic express-method of the impulsive heat flux dynamic measuring application in bomb calorimeters was validated, that gave the opportunity to decrease a fuel combustion heat measuring results data analysis in several times. The practical introduction of thesis results, confirmed by corresponding acts, gave the opportunity to carry out the measuring calorimetric devises import substitution and study the combustion heat of various modern types of fuel, including unconventional and biofuels, also to estimate expediency and economy of their production and use in the industrial & economic complex of Ukraine.