Fedotov V. Dynamics of traction electromechanical complexes of mine electric locomotives with taking into account operational factors

In the manuscript the actual scientific task of the development of theoretical positions and practical decisions for increasing the efficiency of traction electromechanical complex functioning of the mine types of electric locomotives was formulated and solved by reducing the level of influence of dynamic processes in structures: electric locomotives - trolleys taking into account operational factors of iron ore mines. The difference in the active phase of modes of operation electric locomotives in the conditions of iron ore mines from coal is grounded and estimated. It is determined that traction electromechanical complexes of electric locomotives more than 50% of cycle time are functioning in unestablished modes. It is confirmed that non-steady modes of traction electromechanical complexes are connected with the problem of occurrence of dynamic processes both in the traction electromechanical complex itself, and in the complex of electric locomotive – trolley, which might bring the processes of self-oscillations in the components of electric traction. In practice, this leads to acceleration of mechanical wear of elements of underground mining transport, increasing the time for loading and unloading of trolleys, and additional energy consumption. It is proved that elimination of these odious factors in the existing variants of control systems for electric locomotives is impossible. In this scientific research, analytical studies have been carried out that allow us to estimate the ratio of the oscillations levels of the components of electric locomotives in the function of possible types of diagrams of movements of electric locomotives in conditions of underground workings of domestic iron ore mines. In contrast to the basic theoretical provisions on scalar control, introduced a new theoretical position – increased rigidity of the high-speed characteristics in the system: IGBT – converter – traction asynchronous engine at extremely low, low and nominal speeds of the above mentioned. It is proposed to optimize the process of positioning trolleys under loading-unloading by "shock" means of their stopping under the obligatory performance of technological constraints - preventing the hitching of the wheels on the rails, limiting the destructive forces in the coupling arrangements. The complex of model studies allowed to reveal the new possibilities, which are laid in the process of designing the algorithm of control of traction electromechanical complex of electric locomotive taking into account the range of sources of influence on this process by the technology of dynamics of behavior of electric traction and its traction electromechanical complex in conditions of functioning depending on types of underground mining workings. The presented results obtained by experimental research on a research laboratory bench confirmed the similarity of the results of analytical and model research with experimental ones. Scientific novelty of the obtained results: – for the first time, for the traction complexes of contact mining locomotives, the defining influence of dynamic regimes on the behavior of electric trains as a multivariate heterogeneous electro-mechanical system is shown and formalized, depending on the type of underground mining of iron ore mines, in order to supplement the traffic control regulation with means of minimizing unwanted oscillations, which enabled to increase the energy efficiency of operation transport system as a whole; – for the first time it was proposed to evaluate the order of the mathematical model of the system using the method of the coefficient diagram and it was established that for the synthesis of the corresponding speed regulator of the control system of traction electromechanical complexes it is necessary to consider the system as a system of third order; – the theory of synthesis of control systems for traction electromechanical complexes containing a complicated structure of a mechanical part was further developed by the use of a speed regulator which is installed in accordance with the poles of the transfer function of the dynamic system obtained by identification with the combined use of the generalized and weighted least squares method, as well diagrams of system coefficients: "electric locomotive – trolleys". The practical value of the results of the work is that they allowed: – to develop and implement a methodology for carrying out experimental research on the dynamics of the behaviour of electric locomotives in the conditions of iron ore mines; – to develop and recommend for the implementation of the research of traction electromechanical complexes of mine electric locomotives in the practice of electromechanical processes analysis; – to develop the tactics of forming a control algorithm for traction electromechanical complex of mine electric locomotives with two axles; – to use the results of research in the educational process.