Matviychuk N. Elements of Biologization of Potato Cultivationin Short-Rotation Crop Rotation of the Right-bank Polissya

Object of research – process of fertility change and biological state of clear gray forest soil depending on application of various combinations of organic and mineral fertilizers, dynamics of crop formation and quality of potato tubers in crop short-rotation in different fertilizer systems. Purpose of research – justification of the elements of biologization of potato cultivation in short-rotation crop rotation for different fertilizer systems on clear gray forest soils, aimed at growing eco-friendly products, improving and protecting soil fertility, and increasing their ecological sustainability under the conditions of the Polissya of Ukraine. To carry out a comprehensive assessment of the agro-ecological state of the soil and its effects on the potato harvest. Methods of research – field, quantitative-weight, laboratory, mathematical-statistical, calculation-comparative. Theoretical and practical results – On the basis of the results of research on clear-gray superstitious forest soil during potato cultivation in the conditions of the Right-bank Polissya of Ukraine it was established the possibility of using moderate doses of manure and mineral fertilizers by compensating for the last saturation of short-rotation crop rotation cultures of intermediate cultivation on siderate, using crushed straw of grain crops and predecessor of the clover, minimized soil treatment and biological protection of plantations, which allows to achieve improvement and protection of soil fertility in and getting environmentally friendly products. Under such conditions it is envisaged to preserve the ecological balance and reduce the technogenic load in the agro-sphere. Novelty – For the first time in the conditions of the Right-bank Polissya of Ukraine in the experimental field of Zhytomyr National Agroecological University in the stationary field experiment the research was carried out on the study of various systems of biologization of agriculture in the technology of growing potatoes in short-rotation crop rotation using manure, by-products of agricultural crops, siderate, biological nitrogen (symbiotic nitrogen fixation) and their various combinations; on the basis of the performed research, the principles of agricultural biologization in the conditions of the Right Bank Polissya of Ukraine for energy and resource saving technology of growing potatoes in short-rotation crop rotation were studied and developed; system of fertilizer is calculated by the balance method - in different ratios of mineral and organic fertilizers in the soil the same amount of batteries is supplied; the results of the biological control study (clover straw and grain crops wrapping after thawing them on seeds) were obtained for minimized tillage of soil under crop rotation crops; as a result of the generalization of theoretical and experimental data for the conditions of Polissya, the parameters of greenhouse gas emissions are calculated, depending on the system of fertilizer of the potato. Stage of implementation – The obtained results were used and implemented in the conditions of the farm «Soniachnyi Pahorb» and farm «Stavriv» of Zhytomyr district of Zhytomyr region in order to obtain environmentally friendly products of potato tubers and extended reproduction of soil fertility, as well as preservation of the natural environment and reduce the man-caused load on agrosphere. Sphere (field) of application – in the educational activity of universities of agricultural profile, in agricultural companies of different forms of ownership.