Sobko G. The immune and antioxidant systems’ state of the body of cows, with subclinical form of mastitis, under the action of apis-phytic drug

The dissertation is devoted to the study of the influence of new environmentally safe preparations based on the bee raw material on the state of the cellular and humoral immunity and the biochemical profile of the blood and secretion of the mammary gland in cows suffering from subclinical mastitis. The possibility of applying correction of the revealed disorders is shown. It was proved that the components of the studied forms (emulsion for intracysterinal administration and ointment) of the "Antimast" optimize the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes and the content of the products of lipid peroxidation and oxidative modification of proteins in the blood. Biologically active components of "Antimast" have a positive effect on the number and functional activity of immunocompetent cells, indices of non-specific resistance of the organism, the number of somatic cells and chemical parameters of milk of cows. Before the beginning of experimental studies, bacteriological monitoring of the most common pathogens of various forms of mastitis in milk was carried out. In addition, the analysis of the prevalence of the disease in farms of the Lviv region was processed. The obtained results proved that the prevalence of mastitis is an important problem in veterinary and rural economy. In the first experiment for the treatment of subclinical form of mastitis was used “Antimast” in the form of emulsion for intracysternal injection. On the beginning of the experiment were analyzed changes in the indexes of cellular and humoral links of immune system. Also parameters of lipids’ and proteins’ peroxidation were discovered. On the basis of the conducted research, it was concluded that for the successful treatment of subclinical mastitis, the drug should primarily correct the immune and antioxidant systems. The second experiment was devoted to the study of the same parameters in cows with subclinical mastitis, but for the action of Antimast in the form of ointment. The investigations confirmed the inhibitory effect of the mentioned preparates on lipid peroxidation processes and their stimulating effect on the activity of the enzymes of the antioxidant defense system in the blood of cows with subclinical mastitis. In this case, the more pronounced action of the drug in the form of an emulsion for intracysternal administration was registered. The probable decrease in the content of aldehyde and ketone derivatives of oxidative modification of proteins in the blood of cows after administration of the drug was established. It was showed that intracysternal administration of the emulsion and the use of Antimast ointment in diseased animals on the 3rd and 9th days reduced the number of leukocytes in the blood, increased the level of T- and B-lymphocytes, and increased their functional activity. Intracysternal administration of the emulsion and the use of Antimast ointment in subclinical forms of mastitis in cows reduces in the blood of the NST-test, the concentration of circulating immune complexes, normalizes the level of phagocytic activity. Drugs stimulated different links of the immune system, in particular, increased the bactericidal and lysozyme activity of serum from the blood of cows. The proposed anti-mastitis based on bee-based raw material showed high efficacy in both of the studied forms, with the advantage of Apifitoprotia "Antimast", introduced intracysterically (94% recovery for the administration of the emulsion against 86% in the application of ointment). It was established that the applied drugs similar both in the form of emulsion for intracesternal introduction and in the form of an ointment reduced the content of somatic cells in milk of cow milk. In addition, the physical and chemical parameters of milk from cows with subclinical mastitis after use of investigated preparates were normalized to the level of those indexes in milk of clinically health cows. These parameters are indicators of milk quality and efficiency of the applied drugs.