Kapustianskyi A. Increase of energy-ecological efficiency of boiler units during combustion of non-projected fuels

Kapustyansky A.O. Increase of energy-ecological efficiency of boiler units during combustion of non-projected fuels. – Manuscript. The thesis for the obtaining a scientific degree of Candidate of Technical Sciences in specialty 05.14.06 – technical thermal physics and industrial thermal engineering. – National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Kyiv, 2018. The thesis is devoted to the study of the influence of the type, quality and regimes of combustion of non-projected coal on the reliability and economic performance of power boilers in TPPs (thermal power plants) and CHPs (combined heat and power plants), while at the same time developing of appropriate measures to ensure their optimum operating conditions (optimal outputs). The new methodology for estimating damage done to power plant caused by the deterioration of the fuel characteristics was developed. The concept of the ratio of coal power-generation capacity was introduced and its dependence on the quality of the NSF (non-projected solid fuel) was investigated. The influence of the dynamics of transitional processes and coal properties on the maintenance of combustible materials in the ash of drainage is studied. It has been experimentally proved that the catalyst feed to the boiler significantly influences the positive effect on coal burning characteristics of grades lean coal (L) and anthracite coal (A) grades in the entire range of workloads. The research was carried out on boilers TP-15 and TPP-210A , which allowed to safely burn a binary mixture of coal mixtures A and L, L and fly ash A, coal L and South Africa coal without decreasing of the quality performance of boiler units. On the basis of linear programming, a new method for determining the efficiency of boiler operation has been developed by compiling and calculating expanded energy matrices. New ways of intensifying the process of combustion and conversion of coal-fired boilers for combustion NSF are proposed. Key words: thermal power station, boiler, non-project (low ranke) coal, combustion catalyst, binary coal mix, mechanical incomplete combustion.