Plaksiuk L. Agroecological assessment of farms in the transition from traditional to organic production

The thesis is devoted to the assessment of environmental risks of transition of the farms from the Forest-Steppe zone from traditional to organic crop production. The transformation of phytocenosis of weeds is established, as a result of changing the way of land use. The expansion of the weed of the Grass family (Gramineae) has been noted as a result of interaction of the influence of climatic, soil and anthropogenic factors. The anti-weeds efficiency of variety selection and delayed sowing dates was revealed. The effectiveness of bio substunces has been established in view of maintaining the stable agroecosystem productivity. The risk of loss of humus in the conversion period as a result of changing crop rotation has been identified. It has been established, that in order to ensure a positive balance of humus in the conditions of the conversion period, the return of organic residues to the soil should be at least 20–25 t/ha through the introduction of by-products and sowing of herbs. It is shown, that a positive balance between phosphorus and potassium in the conditions of organic land use is impossible without the addition of nutrients with fertilizers. The conceptual model of the transition of farms to the organic production of crop production is developed and implemented. Preventive measures for leveling environmental threats are proposed.